1. Write the full forms of the following abbreviations.
i. ECG – Electrocardiogram
ii. MHz – Megahertz
iii. GHz – Gigahertz
iv. ms – Millisecond
v. ns – Nanosecond
vi. Ps – Picosecond
vii. Fs – Femtosecond
viii. GIGO – Garbage In, Garbage Out
ix. RAM – Random Access Memory
x. IPOS – Input, Process, Output, Storage
xi. ATM – Automated Teller Machine
xii. CT scans – Computed Tomography scans
2. Choose the correct answer.
a. Which fraction of a second is equivalent to one millionth of a second?
i) Milliseconds
ii) Microsecond
iii) Nanosecond
iv) picoseconds
b. Incorrect input results in incorrect output. It is referred to as ….
i) FIFO
ii) LIFO
iii) GIGO
iv) None of the above
c. How many kilobytes are in one megabyte?
i) 1030
ii) 1000
iii) 1048
iv) 1024
d. Repeatedly working capability of computers is known as ………..
i) storage
ii) speed
iii) diligence
iv) versatility
e. What is the primary function of the CPU in a computer system?
i) Memory storage
ii) Data input
iii) Arithmetic and logic operations
iv) Graphics rendering
3. Short Answer Questions
a) Define the computer.
Ans: A computer is an electronic machine that takes input, processes it, and gives output as useful information.
b) How does IPOS work?
Ans: IPOS stands for Input → Process → Output → Storage.
Input: Data is entered into the computer
Process: CPU processes the data
Output: Result is produced
Storage: Data/result is saved for future use
c) What is GIGO?
Ans: GIGO means Garbage In, Garbage Out. If wrong data is entered, the output will also be wrong.
d) List any four computer features.
Ans:
- Speed
- Accuracy
- Diligence
- Storage
e) Why is a computer called a diligence machine?
Ans: A computer is called a diligence machine because it can work continuously for a long time without getting tired or losing accuracy.
f) List four computer-related uses.
Ans:
- Education (online learning, research)
- Banking (transactions, records)
- Communication (email, internet)
- Entertainment (games, videos, music)
g) Identify distinct computer storage units.
Ans:
Either 0 or 1 = 1 Bit
4 bits = 1 Nibble
8 Bits = 1 Byte
1024 Bytes = 1 Kilobyte (KB)
1024 KB = 1 Megabyte (MB)
1024 MB = 1 Gigabyte (GB)
1024 GB = 1Terabyte (TB)
4. Long Answer Questions
a) Explain the working principle of computers with a block diagram
Block Diagram (Simple):
Input Unit → CPU (Processing Unit) → Output Unit
↓
Storage Unit
Explanation:
A computer works based on the IPOS cycle:
Input Unit: Devices like keyboard, mouse, scanner are used to enter data into the computer.
CPU (Central Processing Unit): It is the brain of the computer. It has three parts:
- ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit): Performs calculations and logical operations
- CU (Control Unit): Controls all operations of the computer
- Registers/Memory Unit: Temporarily stores data during processing
Output Unit: Devices like monitor and printer show the result of processing.
Storage Unit: Stores data and information for future use (hard disk, pen drive, etc.)
b) Describe the use of computers in the education field
Answer:
Computers are very important in education. Some major uses are:
- Online Learning : Students can attend classes through the internet (Zoom, Google Meet).
- Research and Information: Students and teachers can search information easily using the internet.
- E-learning Materials: Digital books, videos, and presentations make learning more interesting.
- Examination and Result Processing: Computers help in preparing question papers and calculating results quickly.
- Teaching Aid: Teachers use projectors, slides, and multimedia to explain topics clearly.
- Communication: Students and teachers can communicate through email and online platforms.
- Record Keeping: Schools store student data, marks, and attendance digitally.
