Ch-7 Python Programming
1. Answer these questions.
a) Explain programming languages with its types.
Ans: A programming language is a formal set of instructions used to communicate with a computer and create software.
(1) Low-Level Languages: These are close to machine hardware.
(i) Machine Language: Binary code (0s and 1s) that the CPU understands directly.
(ii) Assembly Language: Uses "mnemonics" (like MOV or ADD) instead of binary. Requires an Assembler.
(2) High-Level Languages: Designed to be human-readable and use English-like words (e.g., Python, Java, C++). They must be translated into machine code to run.
b) Differentiate between compiler and interpreter.
Ans:
| Compiler | Interpreter |
|---|
| Scans the entire program and translates it as a whole. | Translates and executes the program line-by-line. |
| Faster execution but slower initial translation. | Slower execution but starts immediately. |
| Debugging,Shows all errors at once after scanning. | "Stops at the first error, making it easier to debug." |
| Generates an intermediate object code (like an .exe). | Does not generate intermediate object code. |
c) Define algorithm and flowchart.
Ans: Algorithm: A step-by-step logical procedure or set of rules to be followed in calculations or problem-solving.
Flowchart: A visual or graphical representation of an algorithm using standard symbols.
d) Write five symbols with their functions of flowchart.
Ans: 1. Oval (Terminal): Indicates the Start or End of the process.
2. Parallelogram (Input/Output): Represents data being entered into or displayed from the system.
3. Rectangle (Process): Represents a calculation or a specific action.
4. Diamond (Decision): Used for "Yes/No" or "True/False" questions that branch the flow.
5. Arrows (Flow Lines): Show the direction of the process flow.
e) Create an algorithm to find whether the given number is odd or even. Also make flowchart from the algorithm.
Ans: Algorithm:Start.Input a number ($N$).Divide $N$ by 2.If the remainder is 0, the number is Even.Else, the number is Odd.Display the result.Stop.Flowchart:
f) Explain Python programming with its features.
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g) Describe the use of input/output statements in Python.
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h) Define formatted string literals. Demonstrate its use in a simple program where the user inputs their name and the output is displayed “Hello (user_ name)! Welcome to our program”.
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i) Explain the data types with examples.
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j) Describe typecasting with its types.
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k) List the types of operators. Explain any one of them in detail with examples.
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l) Explain a conditional statement with an example.
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m) Define iteration. Differentiate for and while loop.
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n) Differentiate between list and dictionary.
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o) Given is the list elements.
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[Kathmandu, Biratnagar, Nepalgunj, Pokhara, Butwal, Birendranagar,
Mahendranagar, Balefi ]
a. Add list item Malangawa.
b. Remove list item Balefi
c. Print the list items one by one using a loop.
