सबै प्रश्नहरू अनिवार्य छन् । प्रत्येक खण्डका लागि तोकिएका उपयुक्तता प्रयोग गर्नुहुनेछ, अन्यथा उत्तर पुस्तिका रद्द हुनेछ ।
Group A
1. Why Spreadsheet is important for a teacher? How do you create a Pie Chart from a dataset in MS Excel? What steps can you take to customize the colours and labels? (2+4+4) 2. Why Loops are used in programming language? Describe 'FOR' and 'DO-WHILE' loops with examples. (2+8) 3. Define Social Media. How can we use social media to enhance the quality of teaching at the lower secondary level. (3+7) 4. Define Artificial Intelligence (AI). What are the importances, Pros and Cons of AI in education? (3+7) 5. a) Describe smart classroom. How can we make Blended Learning effective in the classroom? (5) b) Discuss challenges of using ICT for teaching-learning purpose in the context of lower secondary education in Nepal. (5)
Group B
6. Describe the concept of Primary Memory. Discuss how memory hierarchy helps in optimizing computer performance. Provide with examples how data moves between different levels of the hierarchy. (3+4+3) 7.Define Boolean algebra and explain its significance in digital logic design. State and explain the following Boolean-algebra laws with appropriate examples. (4+2+2+2) - Commutative Law. - Associative Law. - Distributive Law. 8. Discuss the OSI model with its significance in networking. And, describe the following: (4+6) - Name and function for the layers. - Key protocols associated with each layer, - Data unit used at each layer, - Devices that operate at each layer. 9. Write short notes on the following: (5+5) a) Cascading Style Sheets b) Domain Naming System. 10. What are the three key objectives of Information Security? Compare Private Key (Symmetric) Cryptography with Public Key (Asymmetric) Cryptography. (5+5)
